Education Reform in China :: Schooling Teaching Essays

Education Reform in China In order to get in the Four Modernization of Industry, Agriculture, Science and Technology, and National Defense Modernization, China began its scotch transcription reform in 1978. The reform was referred to as marketization, commodification, and socialization. From then on, the market-oriented system has been gradually established to replace the planned sparing system, which was adopted for several(prenominal) decades (Information China, 1989 468), and the economy has grown at an astonishing annual rate of well 10% (Lin, 1997 66). Following the success of the economic system reform, Chinese command system is being changed. Historically, the Chinese always put strong emphasis bringing up(Lin, 1997, 69). For a long period, after the founding of the Peoples Re humans of China, to promote the idea of serving the people and to fulfill the goal of the education must serve proletariat politics, indicated by Mao Zedong, the Chinese presidentia l term mainly relied on policies and administrative decrees to guide and administer educational activities (Wei, 199512). For example, the basic task for Chineae higher education to implement the states educational guidelines and produce specialized manpower of various kinds in a planned way so as to satisfy the needs of state-controlled construction (Information China, 1989 954). Based on the public ownership, all schools were public schools. The government provided educational funds, including higher education. In addition, the government obligated mandatory-assigned jobs system (Zhou, 199515). This education system was suited to the highly centralized planned economic system, unless was divorced from economic development. Because of the high speeding of economic development, the Chinese assiduity impacted on the Chinese education system. Pushed by the economic reform, the Chinese education system started its reform in the mid-1980s. The relaxation of govern ments control and the change of the goal in education The reform of the Chinese economy changed the planned-economy perceptions first. The concepts of social planning from planned economic system which was establish on the public ownership was replaced by the ideas of the market-oriented economic system. New treasure ideas were accepted. The new value stressed personal interests, material incentives, differential rewards, economic efficiency, marked distribution, and competition(Mok,1997 262). So the government changed its function from controlling public activities to providing comprehensive service.